How Does 3D TV Work

Many brands thought that 3D TVs would take over a large portion of the market when they became more widely available around 2011. In turn, this move led to consumers wondering how does a 3D TV work. The early technology for 3D TV included stereoscopic, multi-view, and 2D-plus-depth displays. Modern 3D TVs use active shutter, polarized, or autostereoscopic 3D systems making them some of the best TVs in the market. Although these TVs seem harder to find in recent years, some consumers still own 3D TVs.

3D TV With Glasses

Active Shutter 3D system

Many modern TV sets with 3D utilize an active shutter 3D system. These systems have several other names, including alternate frame sequencing, alternate image, AI, alternating field, field sequential, or the eclipse method. For these systems to work, the users wear specially designed glasses, which block one eye at a time.

They quickly switch back and forth the images between the eyes. For the eye to interpret these images, they must alternate so rapidly that the interruption does not interfere with the perceived image, which would look like a fusion of the two images into a single 3D image.

Active shutter 3D systems feature liquid crystal shutter glasses, using the same technology behind a liquid crystal display (LCD) TV. The liquid crystal layer becomes opaque when voltage is applied and appears transparent otherwise. This voltage alternately blocks one eye and then the other, syncing with the screen’s refresh rate. The glasses can be wired or use an infrared or radio frequency transmitter.

These systems can retain full color and spatial resolution with higher display contrast with brighter images. However, active shutter 3D systems can result in flickering, dark appearance, and increased price. Additionally, the frame rate must be doubled compared to polarized 3D systems to get an equivalent result. You should know how a TV remote works if you experience such problems and wish to change your settings.

Polarized 3D Systems

Polarized 3D systems also create 3D images by using glasses that restrict the light that reaches each eye. This method features two images superimposed onto the same screen through different polarizing filters. Each filter only passes on the similarly polarized light, blocking the polarized light in the opposite direction. This method means that each eye sees a different image, though the pictures show the same scene from slightly different perspectives. As long as they all have glasses with correctly polarized lenses, multiple people may view stereoscopic images simultaneously.

Polarized 3D systems are generally inexpensive, lightweight, and comfortable. They also do not require power or a transmitter to synchronize with the display. They also eliminate flickering effects. However, these systems may result in a significant increase in expense from the red-cyan filtering glasses. Additionally, there can be issues where the image is not correctly synchronized between the two images. You may have to change the settings to address these challenges or simply reset your TV remote if you are having challenges with it. As a result, many 3D TVs used active shutter glasses until 2011.

3D TV Without Glasses

Autostereoscopic systems do not require glasses and require users to sit centrally in front of the display. These systems are based upon parallax barriers and lenticular lenses. For parallax barriers, a device is placed in front of the image source, allowing it to show a stereoscopic or multiscopic image without the need for the viewers to wear 3D glasses. Lenticular lenses use an array of lenses that offer different parts of an image from different angles.

Since 2011, brands realized that the conversion from 2D to 3D was going too slowly. By 2013, channels were no longer broadcasting programs in 3D. A year later, Vizio stopped production, and by 2017, the final two significant manufacturers who were still producing 3D stopped their 3D support. It is believed that approximately 12% of people cannot correctly see 3D images due to various medical conditions.

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